Born 29 December 1879, Nice, France. Became a professional
soldier in the Spanish American War. Volunteered for flying
duty 1916, earned his wings at the Glenn Curtiss School. As
head of Army Aviation, prepared U.S. military avaition for
World War I during which he was the first U.S. Air Service
pilot to fly a combat mission. Commander of all Allied air
activities on the Western Front.
Having learned well the lessons of war, he took up the cause
of air power and an independent air force, proving the thesis
by sinking captured naval vessels during a special test in 1921.
A complaisant Congress, hostile old line Army and Navy, and his
refusal to be silenced, caused his court martial and resignation
from the service. He continued to champion the cause of adequate
defense and air power until his death in 1936.
World War II saw the prophet vindicated, and a grateful country
posthumously promoted him to Major General and bestowed on him
the Medal of Honor.
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